Digital Life: Using Technology Safely & Confidently
In today’s fast-paced digital world, having strong computing and internet skills is essential for personal and professional growth. This section provides accessible guides and resources to help you build confidence in computing fundamentals, navigate the internet effectively, and stay safe online. Whether you’re just starting out or looking to advance your skills, our tailored content empowers you to thrive in the digital age. Understanding Computing Terms AI (Artificial Intelligence) A branch of computer science that enables machines to learn from data, recognize patterns, and make decisions. AI powers virtual assistants, facial recognition, and automated recommendations. Algorithm A step-by-step set of instructions used by computers to perform tasks, such as searching the web, filtering spam, or encrypting data. Big Data Large and complex datasets that require specialized tools and algorithms to analyze, often used to improve business strategies, healthcare, and research. Blockchain A decentralized and secure digital ledger that records transactions across multiple systems. It is widely used for cryptocurrencies, smart contracts, and secure record-keeping. Botnet A network of compromised computers controlled remotely by cybercriminals to perform malicious activities like spamming, hacking, or launching denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. Cache A temporary storage area in computers and browsers that speeds up data retrieval by keeping frequently used information readily available. Cloud Computing The delivery of computing services like storage, databases, and applications over the internet instead of using local hardware, enabling remote access to resources. Cookies Small text files stored in your browser that track website activity and remember login credentials, preferences, and browsing history, often used for personalization and analytics. Cybersecurity Practices and technologies designed to protect computers, networks, and data from cyber threats like hacking, phishing, and malware attacks. Data Breach The unauthorized access, theft, or exposure of sensitive information, often due to security vulnerabilities or hacking. Data Mining The process of analyzing vast amounts of data to uncover hidden patterns, trends, and insights, often used in marketing, healthcare, and fraud detection. Deepfake AI-generated media that manipulates video or audio to create realistic but misleading content, often used in misinformation campaigns. DNS (Domain Name System) The system that translates human-friendly website addresses (like www.google.com) into numerical IP addresses used by computers to locate and access websites. Edge Computing A technology that processes data closer to the source, such as on smart devices or local servers, rather than relying on distant cloud servers. This reduces latency and speeds up data processing. Encryption The process of converting data into a secure format that prevents unauthorized access, commonly used for securing online transactions, emails, and personal data. Ethernet A wired networking technology used to connect computers within a local network, ensuring high-speed and stable internet connections. Firewall A security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic to protect against unauthorized access, malware, and cyberattacks. Hacking The act of gaining unauthorized access to computer systems or networks, often for malicious intent but sometimes for ethical security testing (ethical hacking). HTTP/HTTPS Protocols that govern how data is transferred over the web. HTTPS includes encryption for enhanced security, protecting users from cyber threats. IoT (Internet of Things) A network of interconnected smart devices, such as thermostats, fitness trackers, and home security systems, that communicate and share data over the internet. IP Address A unique string of numbers assigned to each device connected to the internet, allowing it to be identified and located. Malware A broad term for malicious software, including viruses, ransomware, and spyware, designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to systems. Open Source Software that is freely available for anyone to use, modify, and distribute. Examples include Linux, Mozilla Firefox, and WordPress. Phishing A cyber-attack where scammers trick users into providing sensitive information by posing as trusted entities through fake emails, messages, or websites. QR Code (Quick Response Code): A scannable barcode that stores digital information, commonly used for mobile payments, website links, and event check-ins. Ransomware A type of malware that encrypts a user’s files and demands payment to restore access. It is often spread through phishing emails or malicious downloads. Social Engineering A manipulation technique used by cybercriminals to trick people into revealing confidential information, such as passwords or financial data. Trojan Horse A type of malware disguised as legitimate software, used to infiltrate systems and execute harmful actions such as stealing sensitive data or installing other malicious programs. VPN (Virtual Private Network) A security tool that encrypts internet connections, masking users’ locations and protecting their online activities from surveillance or cyberattacks. Zero-Day Exploit A cyberattack that targets a previously unknown vulnerability in software before developers can issue a fix, making it particularly dangerous.